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世界上最危险的爆炸物质----Azidoazide azide

每周分子:Azidoazide azide

Molecule of the Week: Azidoazide azide

1-二叠氮氨基甲酰基-5-叠氮基四氮唑,俗称“azidoazide azide”,是一种杂环有机化合物,含有14个氮原子。由于含有大量的高能氮键,这种化合物的爆炸力极强。

如果出现以下情况,则Azidoazide会发生爆炸:

  • 碰触;
  • 移动;
  • 分散在溶液中;
  • 暴露在强光下;
  • 或者,甚至不受干扰地放在玻璃板上。

像所有叠氮化物一样,它会与水反应释放出具爆炸力的剧毒叠氮化物。

Azidoazide azide被称为“世界上最危险的爆炸物质”。在K. S. Lane“人类已知的十种最危险的化学物质”排行榜上,它排在第三位。2011年,Ludwig Maximilian University(德国慕尼黑)的Thomas M. Klapötke、Franz A. Martin和Jörg Stierstorfer报道了Azidoazide azide的合成。他们能够(小心地!)制备一个单晶用于x射线衍射测量。作者说:“毫无疑问,可通过实验确定 Azidoazide azide的冲击极限为0.25J、摩擦灵敏度为1N。”

由于azidoazide azide具有极高的敏感性,目前尚无关于它的危害信息报道。请参见Derek Lowe撰写的《 Things I Won’t Work With: Azidoazide Azides, More or Less 》和Ashutosh Jogalekar撰写的《 Virtual Shock 》获取azidoazide azide的更多其他信息。

Azidoazide azide信息速览

CAS 登记号

SciFinder命名

Carbonimidic diazide, N -(5-azido-1 H -tetrazol-1-yl)-

摩尔质量

220.12 g/mol

外观

红色晶体

熔点

78 ºC

水溶性

遇水释放HN3

关于每周分子

自2001年以来,“每周分子”已成为广受欢迎的栏目。多数分子由读者推荐。每个结构都经由科学家审查,并以3-D和平面图像的形式显示,同时附有该分子简介。可以通过美国化学文摘社 (CAS) 提供的SciFinder中的CAS REGISTRY获取“每周分子”的更多信息。CAS REGISTRY中的每条物质信息都展示了物质的CAS登记号、索引名、通用名、商品名、书目信息等其他更多信息。 发送邮件至motw@acs.org推荐您感兴趣的分子吧。

1-Diazidocarbamoyl-5-azidotetrazole, informally called “azidoazide azide”, is a heterocyclic organic compound crammed with 14 nitrogen atoms. Because of the large number of high-energy nitrogen bonds, the compound is extremely explosive.

Azidoazide will explode if

  • touched,
  • moved,
  • dispersed in solution,
  • exposed to bright light, or
  • even left undisturbed on a glass plate.

Like all azides, it reacts with water to emit explosive, highly toxic hydrogen azide.

Azidoazide azide has been called “the most dangerous explosive material in the world.” It is also No. 3 in K. S. Lane’s list “The 10 Most Dangerous Chemicals Known to Man”.

Thomas M. Klapötke*, Franz A. Martin, and Jörg Stierstorfer at Ludwig Maximilian University (Munich, Germany) reported the synthesis of azidoazide azide in 2011. They were able to (carefully!) prepare a single crystal for X-ray diffraction measurements. The authors stated, “The shock and friction sensitivity of [azidoazide azide] no doubt lies well under the limits of 0.25 J in impact and 1 N in friction sensitivity that can be experimentally determined."

Because of its extreme sensitivity, no meaningful hazard information on azidoazide azide has been reported. For some interesting takes on azidoazide azide, see Derek Lowe’s " Things I Won’t Work With: Azidoazide Azides, More or Less " and Ashutosh Jogalekar’s " Virtual Shock ".

Azidoazide azide fast facts

CAS Reg. No.

SciFinder nomenclature

Carbonimidic diazide, N -(5-azido-1 H -tetrazol-1-yl)-

Molar mass

220.12 g/mol

Appearance

Red crystals

Melting point

78 ºC

Water solubility

Dec. to HN3

About Molecule of the Week

MOTW has been a popular feature on ACS website since 2001. Many molecules are suggested by our website visitors. Every structure is reviewed by a scientist and displayed in 3-D and flat images with a brief deion. Each week’s molecule also links to a sample record from the CAS REGISTRY, which is searched using SciFinder. Each record displays the registry number, index name and synonyms, bibliographic information, and more. Send us a molecule suggestion at motw@acs.org.

Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society

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